Rising to 2,465 m, Kanlaon (also Canlaon) is the highest point of
Negros and the most active volcano in the central Philippines - an andesitic
stratovolcano straddling the boundary of Negros Occidental and Negros Oriental,
about 30 km south-east of Bacolod. It has erupted more than 40 times since 1819.
Its summit carries the active Lugud crater just below the high point and, to the
north, the 2-km-wide Margaja Valley caldera with its small, often seasonal
crater lake. The whole edifice is protected as Mount Kanlaon Natural Park,
first established in 1934.
Kanlaon reawakened dramatically in this decade. A sudden explosion on
3 June 2024 sent an incandescent plume 5 km above the vent; a larger explosive
eruption on 9 December 2024 pushed a 4-km ash column skyward and lifted the alert
to Level 3, forcing evacuations. Moderately explosive eruptions followed on
13 May 2025 (a 4.5-km plume) and 24 October 2025. PHIVOLCS holds the
volcano at Alert Level 2 with a 4-km Permanent Danger Zone. Press
Ash Plume to raise a stylised column from the summit vent, in the spirit of
those events.
On its slopes lie the Mambukal hot-spring resort on the north-west,
the knife-edge Makawiwili viewpoint ridge (2,141 m), and the Guintubdan and
Canlaon trailheads from which climbers watch the volcano's famous dawn sea of
clouds - press the cloud button to raise it. Terrain is real NASA SRTM elevation
draped with Esri World Imagery; the summit is refined with a denser mesh and z15
imagery. The cloud deck and the ash plume are stylised.